New Brunswick Planting Calendar 2026
New Brunswick's Saint John River Valley provides sheltered growing areas with fertile soil and 120-140 frost-free days. The province is famous for its potatoes, but home gardeners grow a wide range of vegetables with proper timing.
Zones 3b-5b • Reference city: Fredericton (last frost: May 14)
Frost Dates in New Brunswick
Average last spring frost and first fall frost dates for New Brunswick cities. Your planting calendar depends on these dates.
| City | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days | Zone |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fredericton | May 14 | Sep 27 | 136 | 5a |
| Moncton | May 16 | Sep 30 | 137 | 5a |
Month-by-Month Planting Schedule
Planting dates based on Fredericton's frost dates. Select your city above for more precise timing.
April
| Vegetable | Start Indoors | Plant Outdoors | Harvest By | Frost Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lettuce | Apr 9 | Apr 23 | Jun 7 | Semi-Hardy |
| Peas | Direct sow | Apr 9 | Jun 8 | Hardy |
| Carrots | Direct sow | Apr 27 | Jul 6 | Semi-Hardy |
| Kale | Apr 9 | Apr 23 | Jun 17 | Hardy |
| Broccoli | Apr 2 | Apr 30 | Jul 4 | Semi-Hardy |
| Spinach | Direct sow | Apr 9 | May 19 | Hardy |
| Radishes | Direct sow | Apr 9 | May 4 | Hardy |
| Onions | Feb 26 | Apr 23 | Aug 1 | Hardy |
| Potatoes | Direct sow | Apr 23 | Jul 22 | Semi-Hardy |
| Beets | Apr 13 | Apr 27 | Jun 21 | Semi-Hardy |
May
| Vegetable | Start Indoors | Plant Outdoors | Harvest By | Frost Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomatoes | Mar 26 | May 25 | Aug 8 | Very Tender |
| Peppers | Mar 12 | May 28 | Aug 6 | Very Tender |
| Beans | Direct sow | May 25 | Jul 19 | Tender |
| Cucumbers | Apr 20 | May 25 | Jul 19 | Very Tender |
| Zucchini | Apr 20 | May 25 | Jul 14 | Tender |
Complete Planting Dates for New Brunswick
All 15 vegetables with indoor start, outdoor planting, and estimated harvest dates for New Brunswick.
| Vegetable | Start Indoors | Plant Outdoors | Harvest By | Frost Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomatoes | Mar 26 | May 25 | Aug 8 | Very Tender |
| Peppers | Mar 12 | May 28 | Aug 6 | Very Tender |
| Lettuce | Apr 9 | Apr 23 | Jun 7 | Semi-Hardy |
| Peas | Direct sow | Apr 9 | Jun 8 | Hardy |
| Beans | Direct sow | May 25 | Jul 19 | Tender |
| Carrots | Direct sow | Apr 27 | Jul 6 | Semi-Hardy |
| Cucumbers | Apr 20 | May 25 | Jul 19 | Very Tender |
| Zucchini | Apr 20 | May 25 | Jul 14 | Tender |
| Kale | Apr 9 | Apr 23 | Jun 17 | Hardy |
| Broccoli | Apr 2 | Apr 30 | Jul 4 | Semi-Hardy |
| Spinach | Direct sow | Apr 9 | May 19 | Hardy |
| Radishes | Direct sow | Apr 9 | May 4 | Hardy |
| Onions | Feb 26 | Apr 23 | Aug 1 | Hardy |
| Potatoes | Direct sow | Apr 23 | Jul 22 | Semi-Hardy |
| Beets | Apr 13 | Apr 27 | Jun 21 | Semi-Hardy |
New Brunswick Gardening Tips by Month
- ✓March: Start onions, peppers, and leeks indoors.
- ✓April: Start tomatoes and brassicas indoors. Direct-sow peas and spinach late in the month.
- ✓May: Transplant brassicas mid-month. Warm crops go out after last frost (mid-May).
- ✓June: Plant beans, cucumbers, squash, and corn. Succession-sow lettuce.
- ✓July: Peak growing. Harvest garlic; sow fall crops.
- ✓August: Main harvest season. Start fall lettuce and spinach.
- ✓September: Extend harvests with row cover. Plant garlic before end of month.
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Frequently Asked Questions
When should I start planting in New Brunswick?
Planting dates in New Brunswick vary by location (zones 3b-5b). Check the frost dates table above for your nearest city, then use our calculator for exact dates.
What is the last frost date in New Brunswick?
Last frost dates in New Brunswick range from early April to late May depending on your city. See the frost dates table above for specific dates.
What vegetables grow best in New Brunswick?
Hardy crops like peas, kale, spinach, and potatoes grow well across New Brunswick. In zone 3b-5b, tomatoes, peppers, beans, and cucumbers also do well with proper timing. Use our free calculator for exact planting dates.
When should I start seeds indoors in New Brunswick?
Start peppers and onions 9-11 weeks before your last frost date, tomatoes 7 weeks before, and brassicas 5-6 weeks before. In New Brunswick with a last frost around May 14, that means starting peppers in March and tomatoes in March.
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