Planting Dates for California

California's diverse climate ranges from Mediterranean coastal conditions to mountain and desert environments. The Central Valley is one of the world's most productive agricultural regions, and home gardeners benefit from year-round growing in many areas.

USDA Zones 5a-11a • 150-365 frost-free days depending on location

Frost Dates in California

Average last spring frost and first fall frost dates for California cities. Use these to calculate your planting windows.

CityLast Spring FrostFirst Fall FrostFrost-Free DaysUSDA Zone
Los AngelesJan 15Dec 2534410b
SacramentoFeb 14Dec 12909b
San FranciscoJan 10Dec 2835210b
FresnoFeb 20Nov 242779b

Gardening Tips for California

  • ✓Coastal California can garden year-round with proper variety selection.
  • ✓Central Valley gardeners face extreme summer heat — provide afternoon shade.
  • ✓Southern California's dry climate requires efficient irrigation systems.
  • ✓Northern California mountains have short seasons similar to the Pacific Northwest.

What to Plant in California

Cold-Hardy Crops (plant early)

These crops tolerate frost and can be planted 2-6 weeks before your last frost date.

LettuceSemi-Hardy

30-60 days from sowing

PeasHardy

55-70 days from sowing

CarrotsSemi-Hardy

60-80 days from sowing

KaleHardy

50-70 days from sowing

BroccoliSemi-Hardy

55-80 days from transplant

SpinachHardy

35-50 days from sowing

RadishesHardy

20-35 days from sowing

GarlicHardy

July-August the following year

OnionsHardy

90-120 days from transplant

PotatoesSemi-Hardy

70-120 days from planting

BeetsSemi-Hardy

50-70 days from sowing

Swiss ChardSemi-Hardy

50-60 days from sowing

Warm-Season Crops (plant after last frost)

Start these indoors and transplant after all frost danger has passed.

TomatoesVery Tender

60-85 days from transplant

PeppersVery Tender

60-90 days from transplant

BeansTender

50-65 days from sowing

CucumbersVery Tender

50-65 days from sowing

Zucchini & Summer SquashTender

45-60 days from sowing

CornTender

60-100 days from sowing

Herbs (Basil, Cilantro, Dill)Tender

30-60 days from sowing

Get Exact Planting Dates for California

Enter your city's frost date and get precise seed starting, transplant, and harvest dates for 38+ vegetables — free.

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the last frost date in California?

Last frost dates in California vary by city: Los Angeles (Jan 15), Sacramento (Feb 14), San Francisco (Jan 10), Fresno (Feb 20).

What USDA hardiness zones are in California?

California spans USDA hardiness zones 5a-11a. Your specific zone determines which perennials survive winter and when to start planting annuals.

What vegetables grow best in California?

Hardy crops like peas, kale, spinach, and garlic thrive across California. In warmer zones, tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers do well with proper timing. Use our free calculator for exact planting dates.

How long is the growing season in California?

150-365 frost-free days depending on location. Extend your season with cold frames, row covers, and indoor seed starting.

Planting Dates by State

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