Planting Dates for Illinois
Illinois benefits from some of the most fertile prairie soils in the world. The state's climate ranges from zone 5 in the north to zone 7 in the south, offering diverse growing conditions.
USDA Zones 5a-7a • 155-210 frost-free days depending on location
Frost Dates in Illinois
Average last spring frost and first fall frost dates for Illinois cities. Use these to calculate your planting windows.
| City | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days | USDA Zone |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chicago | Apr 20 | Oct 20 | 183 | 6a |
| Springfield | Apr 13 | Oct 17 | 187 | 6a |
| Carbondale | Apr 5 | Oct 25 | 203 | 6b |
Gardening Tips for Illinois
- ✓Central Illinois prairie soils are among the most fertile in the world.
- ✓Chicago-area gardeners should plan for last frost around May 10.
- ✓Southern Illinois enjoys a 200+ day season — great for warm crops.
- ✓Lake Michigan moderates temperatures along the northeastern lakeshore.
What to Plant in Illinois
Cold-Hardy Crops (plant early)
These crops tolerate frost and can be planted 2-6 weeks before your last frost date.
30-60 days from sowing
55-70 days from sowing
60-80 days from sowing
50-70 days from sowing
55-80 days from transplant
35-50 days from sowing
20-35 days from sowing
July-August the following year
90-120 days from transplant
70-120 days from planting
50-70 days from sowing
50-60 days from sowing
Warm-Season Crops (plant after last frost)
Start these indoors and transplant after all frost danger has passed.
60-85 days from transplant
60-90 days from transplant
50-65 days from sowing
50-65 days from sowing
45-60 days from sowing
60-100 days from sowing
30-60 days from sowing
Get Exact Planting Dates for Illinois
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Frequently Asked Questions
When is the last frost date in Illinois?
Last frost dates in Illinois vary by city: Chicago (Apr 20), Springfield (Apr 13), Carbondale (Apr 5).
What USDA hardiness zones are in Illinois?
Illinois spans USDA hardiness zones 5a-7a. Your specific zone determines which perennials survive winter and when to start planting annuals.
What vegetables grow best in Illinois?
Hardy crops like peas, kale, spinach, and garlic thrive across Illinois. In warmer zones, tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers do well with proper timing. Use our free calculator for exact planting dates.
How long is the growing season in Illinois?
155-210 frost-free days depending on location. Extend your season with cold frames, row covers, and indoor seed starting.
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Free Calculator
Calculate exact planting dates based on your location and frost dates.