Planting Dates for North Dakota
North Dakota's harsh winters give way to productive summers with long daylight hours. The Red River Valley in the east has exceptionally fertile soil, while western North Dakota is drier and more challenging.
USDA Zones 3a-4b • 100-135 frost-free days depending on location
Frost Dates in North Dakota
Average last spring frost and first fall frost dates for North Dakota cities. Use these to calculate your planting windows.
| City | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days | USDA Zone |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fargo | May 11 | Sep 27 | 139 | 4a |
| Bismarck | May 14 | Sep 22 | 131 | 4a |
| Grand Forks | May 16 | Sep 23 | 130 | 3b |
Gardening Tips for North Dakota
- ✓The Red River Valley has some of the richest farmland in North America.
- ✓Long summer days (16+ hours) compensate for the short growing season.
- ✓Plan for last frost around May 15-25 in most areas.
- ✓Use row covers and cold frames to extend the short season.
What to Plant in North Dakota
Cold-Hardy Crops (plant early)
These crops tolerate frost and can be planted 2-6 weeks before your last frost date.
30-60 days from sowing
55-70 days from sowing
60-80 days from sowing
50-70 days from sowing
55-80 days from transplant
35-50 days from sowing
20-35 days from sowing
July-August the following year
90-120 days from transplant
70-120 days from planting
50-70 days from sowing
50-60 days from sowing
Warm-Season Crops (plant after last frost)
Start these indoors and transplant after all frost danger has passed.
60-85 days from transplant
60-90 days from transplant
50-65 days from sowing
50-65 days from sowing
45-60 days from sowing
60-100 days from sowing
30-60 days from sowing
Get Exact Planting Dates for North Dakota
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Frequently Asked Questions
When is the last frost date in North Dakota?
Last frost dates in North Dakota vary by city: Fargo (May 11), Bismarck (May 14), Grand Forks (May 16).
What USDA hardiness zones are in North Dakota?
North Dakota spans USDA hardiness zones 3a-4b. Your specific zone determines which perennials survive winter and when to start planting annuals.
What vegetables grow best in North Dakota?
Hardy crops like peas, kale, spinach, and garlic thrive across North Dakota. In warmer zones, tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers do well with proper timing. Use our free calculator for exact planting dates.
How long is the growing season in North Dakota?
100-135 frost-free days depending on location. Extend your season with cold frames, row covers, and indoor seed starting.
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